Cleaner Greener China

December 9, 2008

Issues Of Population in China

Filed under: Policies and Issues — Tags: — Rich @ 11:31 pm

Often taking a backseat in many international forums to wind and solar power, the issues related to population are the largest there are for China.  Its population, and the management of, are at the core of every issue that China will face, and should be the KEY consideration when solutions are being developed.

A point that the recent article Beijing gets population size warning:

The population upper limit for the city, according to the bureau of land and resources, is 18 million. Currently the population has surpassed 16.3 million.

It is estimated that by 2020 the population will be 21 million.

Already at 21 million, the city of Shanghai faces much the same problem… much the same issues going forward.. and will need to develop solutions that address the masses.

  • Energy Efficiency
  • Transportation
  • Land Management
  • Health care
  • water and food quality

Issues all tied to population,  issues that the population will find important, and issues that some are working with to develop solutions Expert thoughts on sustainable developmentWB loans China US$120m for eco-farming support

November 27, 2008

China’s Food and Water Security Are Eroding Away

Filed under: Policies and Issues — Tags: , , , — Rich @ 12:58 am

What do you think of first when you hear the word “sustainability”?

Do you think of solar panels?  hybrid cars?  Clean Coal? air pollution?

If you are in the US or EU, chances are that you think of those issues (which are legitimate) as that is what the green movement has been able to push into the psyche of consumers.

With 1.3 billion citizens to manage, for China though it is the issues of food and water.  they are not the sexy venture capitalist topics, but for China’s 1.3 billion citizens it is simply about having access to resources … and that those resources are clean (clean enough).

So when reading 40% of China’s territory suffers from soil erosion and Land erosion ‘threat to food supply’, it becomes adundantly clear that China’s food and water problems are going to be a large large problem:

If soil erosion continues at this rate, grain production on the 14 million mu of farm land in northeastern China, one of the country’s most productive areas, will be reduced by 40 percent in 50 years, experts warned.

and

In the southwest, over the next 35 years, about 100 million people will be at risk of losing their land, if desertification continues at the same rate.

the solutions will be complex, will involve the topics of land, water, industrial, and people management, and for those involved in cleantech the opportunities will be vastly larger than a signle wind farm or solar field.

November 23, 2008

U.S. China Green Energy Conference – Beijing Conference Notes 1

China’s Energy – Challenges and Strategies by Professor Ni Weidou Academician, Chinese Academy of Science

“We are running out of the atmosphere faster than we’re running out of fossil fuels”
5 Challenges in China: 1) Huge pressure for energy by 2020. From 2010 to 2020 energy demand will double according to estimates that are under-calculating; 2) Shortage of liquid fuels leading to oil imports of up to 60% by 2015; 3) Severe pollution: 30-40% of China’s territory already suffers from acid rain; 4) Huge increase in Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions; 5) Energy supply to 800 million rural residents in the face of rapid urbanization leading to more energy demand as they move because urbanites consume 3.5 times more energy than rural residents.

According to Professor Ni, the only way to mitigate the shortage of liquid fuel is via coal alternatives such as F-T synthetic fuel, Methanol, or DME (dimethyl ether). Coal produced methanol/DME is good for residential use but producing it emits a lot of CO2. A way out is “polygeneration” where the CO2 is captured. The reason wind power is not a viable option for Methanol production is because wind power areas are usually too far away from load centers and grid structures are still very weak in China.

Energy Research at Berkeley by Professor Sastry
CA has a carbon roadmap that is incumbent on currently available technologies.
Need to look at the left side of the equation….WHO CONSUMES? = Transportation, Industries, Buildings.
Buildings: 60% residential 40% commercial. Bldgs matter because they use 72% of all electricity and 55% natural gas.

Big problem is that no one monitors buildings after they are built. Buildings are just assumed to be efficient according to their design plan, not if they actually deliver. To get around this, Berkeley has created “smart dust” where micro sensors are put into buildings to monitor energy efficiency and demand response.
For innovative way to produce methanol and other fuels by the sun (like splitter water by sunlight), check out the HELIOS Initiative (www.climatechange.ca.gov/events/2008_conference/presentations/2008-09-10/Elaine_Chandler.pdf)

Trying to use the most abundant material in the earth’s crust (rust) to create future solar panels.
Envisions a future where fuel manufacturers tell engine/car manufacturers what they need rather than the car telling fuel manufacturers now.

Working on thermoelectrics where waste heat is converted into electricity

Transportation is the no. 1 producer of GHGs in developed nations and is on the rise on China. Berkeley is working with Chengdu to design an affordable transportation system that will use cell phones to map real-time traffic.

Sees nuclear plants as a major player and green cement (cement that can sequester CO2)

(more…)

September 6, 2008

China’s Ecological Footprint

Filed under: Greener NGOs — Tags: , — Rich @ 1:17 am

The WWF in China has been in China longer than any other environmental NGOs.  Originally invited by the Ministry of Forestry to assist on Pandas, they have grown across China and now manage a wide variety of programs related to the environmental conditions.

In their recent report, Ecological Footprint in China, WWF worked with the International Cooperation on Environment and Development (CCICED)

Looking not just at the issues related to China’s development, one of the more interesting sections is in how China should look to develop a circular economy and the steps to doing so:

1. Compact: A strategy to control urban expansion ( Spatially compact city and Eco-functional city)
2. Individual: a strategy to promote responsible consumption
3. Reduce: a strategy to reduce China’s hidden consumption impacts
4. Carbon: a strategy to diversify the energy Footprint
5. Land: a strategy to increase land productivity
6. Efficiency: a strategy to gather information for moving toward a circular economy and society

To read the entire report, you can download the PDF HERE

August 23, 2008

How The Olympics Will Catalyze Greening of China

Prior to the games, I wrote the post Post-Olympics: Will China Continue to Green? where I asked threw out the question of whether or not China would continue to take steps forward in cleaning up its environmental issues.. or if it would slide backwards into old habits.

When thinking about this, I am forced to make some judgments as to the trajectory of recent data because there really is nothing historical to draw on when looking at where the merging of China’s develop civil society has met the downsides of development.  It simply did not exist 2 years ago.

Where the first publicly visible change occurred, and I covered this in a speech earlier this year, was when Tiahu Lake in Wuxi experienced a significant algae bloom that captured the attention of nearly everyone in China.  It was a point in time that we will look back in 15 years as a tipping point, or perhaps a turning point as citizens, NGOs, and SEPA were able to use this event to build their power base… citizens across the country wer forced to see the costs of development at a national level… and the central party – embarrassed by the incident – came down hard on local officials all over the country who were putting FDI before environment.

Going forward, where I think we are going to find hope is that the government has spent billions of dollars cleaning up the air in Beijing, a separate food chain for athletes was created, and millions of people who will remain to continue their lives will remember the blue sky days.

and they will expect the sky to remain blue.

What many in the media have missed is the fact that while things were not ideal, the environmentally were a quantum leap improvement from 5 years ago when the number of annual blue sky days could be counted on with fingers and toes.

Much like the internet, the ability of the government to control the inevitable is going to be very difficult.  They have exposed their people to the possibilities and shown them that the government can change things when motivated.

Where this is an opportunity for firms, some of which we have covered, is that Beijing cannot do this on their own.  they will need to learn from others like the US, UK, and Japan who have goen through their stage of rapid development and cleaned up.. and they wil need help in the way of technologies, training, and best pracice sharing from firms like GE, Eaton, and others who can bring in existing solutions as well.

CNBC put an article togeher called Smoggy Olympics Opens Door To Clean-Tech Bonanza just prior to the games that summarized this well, but like many I think they are still missing the greater context by which change will occur.  there has been a strong central party determined to balance things out, but it is only recently that local officials had to fear their own citizens… and that is where the changes will occur.  civil society.

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